Model constraintsΒΆ
Odoo provides two ways to set up automatically verified invariants: Python constraints <openerp.api.constrains> and SQL constraints <openerp.models.Model._sql_constraints>.
A Python constraint is defined as a method decorated with ~openerp.api.constrains, and invoked on a recordset. The decorator specifies which fields are involved in the constraint, so that the constraint is automatically evaluated when one of them is modified. The method is expected to raise an exception if its invariant is not satisfied:
from openerp.exceptions import ValidationError
@api.constrains('age')
def _check_something(self):
for record in self:
if record.age > 20:
raise ValidationError("Your record is too old: %s" % record.age)
# all records passed the test, don't return anything
SQL constraints are defined through the model attribute
~openerp.models.Model._sql_constraints. The latter is assigned to a list
of triples of strings (name, sql_definition, message)
, where name
is a
valid SQL constraint name, sql_definition
is a table_constraint_
expression,
and message
is the error message.